COMPARATIVE DEGREE OF LAND POSSESSION OF LANDOWNER’S, STATE’S AND APPANAGE PEASANTS IN SIMBIRSK PROVINCE IN THE LAST THIRD OF XIX – EARLY XX CENTURIES

Ulyanov Anton Evgenyevich, Candidate of historical sciences, associate professor, sub-department of history, law and legal education technique, Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia), uae79@list.ru
Teterina Evgeniya Aleksandrovna, Candidate of historical sciences, associate professor, sub-department of communication management, Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia), evgenia_t@bk.ru

94 (470.43)

Background. The article considers general data on distribution of agricultural lands among various groups of owners, peasantry in whole, as well as separate groups thereof. The problem is especially important due to the fact that in the last third of XIX – early XX centuries land resources were the main means of production, particularly in agricultural provinces of Russian. Investigation of such problems is of great theoretical and practical importance due to the contemporary agrarian reformation in the country, development of farming and search for the most effective ways of economic land management in modern conditions. The aim of the research is to consider the dynamics of landownership of main groups of peasantry on the territory of one region of European Russia – Simbirsk province.
Materials and methods. The research was based on examination of the government statistics of the last third of XIX – early XX centuries. The given data meet the requirements of their comparability as the methods of registration of the collected data remained unchanged, allowing to reveal the main trends of peasants’ landownership development. Methodologically the work was based of the comparativehistorical method, enabling to compare development of landownership of various groups of peasants.
Results. The work contains the data on land possession of all 3 groups of peasants in Simbirsk province: former landowner’s, former state’s and former appanage peasants. The corresponding data are presented in absolute figures and percentage. Landownership of all 3 groups was gradually decreasing. The peasants with most lands in possession were appanage ones, with least lands – former landowner’s peasants.
Conclusions. Decrease of land plot sizes of various groups of peasants interfered with development of strong market-oriented peasant farms in villages. Insufficient land supply to peasantry impeded modernization of local agricultural production.

former appanage peasants, former landowner’s peasants, former state’s peasants, peasant farm, peasant farmstead, allotment ownership, agrarian relations.

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